Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar a atuação do Ministério Público do Estado de São Paulo (MPSP) no processo de judicialização de saúde. Para isso, analisamos sua atuação judicial e extrajudicial e as estratégias utilizadas pelos seus membros no controle das políticas públicas de saúde. Adotamos os métodos quantitativo e qualitativo, realizando o levantamento de dados sobre o número da atuação judicial e extrajudicial, coleta de documentos e informações no site do MPSP e do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, análise sistemática dos documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foi possível verificar que a judicialização representa apenas parte da atuação do MPSP na política em questão. Uma parte significativa dessa atuação acontece pela via extrajudicial, sem a interação da instituição com o Poder Judiciário. Constatamos que, em ambas as atuações, judicial e extrajudicial, o MPSP não privilegia direitos coletivos. No caso das ações civis públicas, o foco na tutela individual pode levar a grandes perdas na discussão sobre direitos coletivos; no caso da sua atuação extrajudicial, apesar de estar focada na tutela coletiva, não está direcionada ao acesso a direitos sociais.

Abstract This article aimed to identify the role of the Public Prosecutor’s Office of São Paulo (MPSP) in the health judicialization process. Therefore, we analyze their judicial and extrajudicial activities and the strategies used by their members in the control of public health policies. We adopted quantitative and qualitative methods, conducting data of judicial and extrajudicial actions, collecting documents and information on the website of the MPSP and the Court of Justice of São Paulo, systematic analysis of the documents and semi-structured interviews. It was possible to verify that judicialization represents only a part of the performance of MPSP in health policy. A significant part of this performance takes place through the extrajudicial route, without the interaction of the institution with the Judiciary. We found that in both actions: judicial and extrajudicial, the MPSP does not focus on collective rights. In the case of class actions, the focus on individual protection can lead to great losses in the discussion about collective rights; and in the case of its extrajudicial performance, despite being focused on collective protection, it is not directed to the diffusion of social rights.

Abstract MGS Guaiçara e MGS Vereda are resistant to Meloidogyne paranaensis, one of the most aggressive nematode parasites of coffee. MGS Vereda is an early maturation cultivar, whereas MGS Guaiçara has a medium maturation cycle. Both cultivars produce red fruit, have high size, and high yield potential in infested areas.

Resumo Este artigo aplica os conceitos de path dependence e critical juncture às relações intergovernamentais, estabelecidas concretamente entre municípios e estado no processo de metropolização de São Paulo (década de 1940), como metodologia de análise institucional histórica dos serviços de saneamento da Grande São Paulo. Da análise das legislações municipais e estadual, constatou-se o desenvolvimento institucional histórico da Sabesp e o processo de consolidação da trajetória dependente da prestação interdependente dos serviços de saneamento entre operadoras municipais (distribuição local) e estaduais (produção regional) durante o processo de metropolização da Grande São Paulo. Essa trajetória institucional dependente permanece até os dias de hoje na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, como origem de conflitos judiciais por meio dos quais a Sabesp vem ampliando a sua atuação nos municípios metropolitanos.

Abstract This paper applies the concepts of path dependence and critical juncture to intergovernmental relations established between municipalities and the state in the metropolization process of São Paulo (1940s), as a methodology of historical institutional analysis of sanitation utilities in the Greater São Paulo area. From the analysis of municipal and state legislations, we verified the historical institutional development of Sabesp and the consolidation process of the path dependence of the interdependent provision of sanitation services between municipal (local) and state (regional) operators during the Greater São Paulo metropolization process. This institutional path dependence remains nowadays in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, as a source of legal conflicts through which Sabesp has been expanding its operations in metropolitan municipalities.

Abstract Background: In the past 20 years, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been investigated as treatment for systemic sclerosis (SSc). The goal of HSCT is to eradicate the autoreactive immune system, which is replaced by a new immune repertoire with long-lasting regulation and tolerance to autoantigens. Here, we describe the clinical outcomes of severe and refractory SSc patients that underwent HSCT at a single Brazilian center. Patients and methods: This is a longitudinal and retrospective study, including 70 adult SSc patients, with an established diagnosis of SSc, and who underwent autologous HSCT from 2009 to 2016. The procedure included harvesting and cryopreservation of autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells, followed by administration of an immunoablative regimen and subsequent infusion of the previously collected cells. Patients were evaluated immediately before transplantation, at 6 months and then yearly until at least 5-years of post-transplantation follow-up. At each evaluation time point, patients underwent clinical examination, including modified Rodnan's skin score (mRSS) assessment, echocardiography, high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs and pulmonary function. Results: Median (range) age was 35.9 (19–59), with 57 (81.4%) female and median (range) non-Raynaud's disease duration of 2 (1–7) years. Before transplantation, 96% of the patients had diffuse skin involvement, 84.2%, interstitial lung disease and 67%, positive anti-topoisomerase I antibodies. Skin involvement significantly improved, with a decline in mRSS at all post-transplantation time points until at least 5-years of follow-up. When patients with pre-HSCT interstitial lung disease were analyzed, there was an improvement in pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide) over the 5-year follow-up. Overall survival was 81% and progression-free survival was 70.5% at 8-years after HSCT. Three patients died due to transplant-related toxicity, 9 patients died over follow-up due to disease reactivation and one patient died due to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Conclusions: Autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation improves skin and interstitial lung involvement. These results are in line with the international experience and support HSCT as a viable therapeutic alternative for patients with severe and progressive systemic sclerosis.

Resumo O objetivo desse texto é analisar as consequências da pandemia de covid-19 nas rotinas de trabalho acadêmico das ciências sociais no Brasil. O estudo se baseia em resultados de um survey difundido com o apoio de associações profissionais da antropologia, ciência política, sociologia e das relações internacionais. O artigo apresenta o perfil dos 1.073 participantes e suas percepções sobre os efeitos da crise nas atividades de formação, ensino e pesquisa, bem como na divisão das tarefas do âmbito privado. Embora a maior parte dos respondentes tenha declarado sentir impactos negativos da pandemia, há disparidades por disciplina de atuação, gênero e raça. Os dados reforçam a importância da discussão de parâmetros de avaliação de produtividade sensíveis às desigualdades.

Abstract The purpose of this text is to analyze the consequences of the covid-19 pandemic in the academic work routines of Social Sciences in Brazil. The study is based on the results of a survey disseminated with the support of professional associations in Anthropology, Political Science, Sociology and International Relations. The article presents the profile of the 1,073 participants and their perceptions about the effects of the crisis on training, teaching and research activities, as well as on the division of tasks in the private sphere. Although most respondents said they felt negative impacts of the pandemic, there are disparities by discipline, gender and race. The data reinforce the importance of discussing productivity evaluation parameters sensitive to inequalities.

Resumo: O presente artigo discute a judicialização da política no enfrentamento à Covid-19 no Brasil. Analisamos se o padrão de judicialização da política verificado na pandemia é novo ou, ao contrário, repete aquele verificado nos anos 1990 e no início dos anos 2000, caracterizado pelo uso político do Judiciário pelos partidos de oposição e pelo favorecimento da centralização federativa. Os resultados demonstram que se mantém o padrão anterior, em termos de quem mobiliza o Judiciário, mas com resultados distintos em termos do conflito federativo: nos casos de controle de constitucionalidade de atos relacionados ao enfrentamento da pandemia, o presidente mais perde do que ganha no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). No entanto, nos casos não relacionados às medidas sanitárias de combate à Covid-19, ainda não é possível afirmar a existência de um novo padrão decisório.

Abstract: This article discusses the judicialization of politics in the fight against Covid-19 in Brazil. We analyzed whether the pattern of judicialization of politics verified in the pandemic is new or, on the contrary, repeats that verified in the 90s and early 00s, characterized by the political use of the Judiciary by opposition parties and by favoring federative centralization. The results demonstrate that the previous pattern remains, in terms of who mobilizes the Judiciary, but with different results in terms of federative conflict: in cases of judicial review of acts related to confronting the pandemic, the president loses more than he gains in the STF. However, in cases unrelated to the sanitary measures to combat Covid-19, it is not yet possible to affirm the existence of a new decision-making pattern.

RESUMO Objetivos avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e a resiliência de pacientes hemodialisados na cidade do Porto, Portugal, antes e após a intervenção psicoterapêutica Relaxamento, Imagens Mentais e Espiritualidade. Identificar os fatores que interferem nos níveis de resiliência destes pacientes. Método estudo quase-experimental, realizado com 17 participantes de duas unidades de diálise da cidade do Porto, Portugal, de novembro de 2018 a abril de 2019. Foram utilizados questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, escala de qualidade de vida (Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form), escala de resiliência, e intervenção psicoterapêutica breve. Cada paciente recebeu três sessões da intervenção, sendo avaliados pelos instrumentos listados antes e depois. Foram utilizados testes de Shapiro Wilks para verificar normalidade dos dados, testes t de Student e de Wilcoxon para comparação das médias e regressão linear na identificação dos fatores associados à resiliência. Resultados a percepção da qualidade de vida foi melhor em quase todos os domínios da escala pós-intervenção, com diferença estatisticamente significativa nas dimensões: função física (p=0,006) e função emocional (p=0,021). Na avaliação da resiliência, verificou-se aumento com significância estatística no período pós-intervenção (p=0,002); análises de regressão linear revelaram que religião, outras patologias e histórico de transplante são fatores relacionados ao aumento dos níveis de resiliência; e uso de medicamentos antidepressivos e anti-hipertensivos são fatores que podem interferir na diminuição da resiliência. Conclusão a intervenção contribuiu para melhora na resiliência e de alguns domínios da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, podendo ser estimulada sua aplicabilidade no contexto dos pacientes em hemodiálise.

ABSTRACT Objectives to assess health-related quality of life and resilience among hemodialyzed patients in the city of Porto, Portugal, before and after the Relaxation, Mental Images and Spirituality psychotherapeutic intervention, and identify factors interfering in these patients’ levels of resilience. Method a quasi-experimental study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 among 17 patients attending two dialysis centers located in Porto, Portugal. A questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and clinical information was applied together with the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form, a resilience scale, and a brief psychotherapeutic intervention. Each patient attended three intervention sessions, and the instruments were applied before and after the intervention. The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to verify the normality of data, while the Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed to compare the means, and linear regression was used to identify resilience-associated factors. Results after the intervention, quality of life perception improved in virtually all the scale’s domains, with statistically significant differences in the physical function (p=0.006) and emotional function (p=0.021). The resilience assessment revealed a statistically significant improvement in the post-intervention (p=0.002); linear regression analyses showed that having a religion, other pathologies, or a history of transplant is related to increased resilience levels while taking antidepressants or anti-hypertensive medications negatively affect it. Conclusion the intervention contributed to improving resilience and some domains concerning the patients’ quality of life. Thus, it can be implemented among patients undergoing hemodialysis.

RESUMEN Objetivos evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud y resiliencia de pacientes en hemodiálisis, en la ciudad do Porto, en Portugal, antes y después de la intervención psicoterapéutica: Relajamiento, Imágenes Mentales y Espiritualidad. También, identificar los factores que interfieren en los niveles de resiliencia de estos pacientes. Método estudio casi experimental, realizado en 17 participantes de dos unidades de diálisis de la ciudad de Porto, en Portugal, de noviembre de 2018 a abril de 2019. Fueron utilizados: el cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica, la escala de calidad de vida (Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form), la escala de resiliencia y la intervención psicoterapéutica breve. Cada paciente recibió tres sesiones de intervención, siendo evaluados por los instrumentos arriba listados, antes y después. Fueron utilizadas las pruebas: Shapiro Wilks para verificar la normalidad de los datos, t de Student y de Wilcoxon para comparación de las medias; y, la regresión linear para la identificación de los factores asociados a la resiliencia. Resultados la percepción de la calidad de vida fue mejor en casi todos los dominios de la escala, después de la intervención, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las dimensiones: función física (p=0,006) y función emocional (p=0,021). En la evaluación de la resiliencia, se verificó aumento con significación estadística, en el período después de la intervención (p=0,002). Los análisis de regresión linear revelaron que la religión, otras patologías y el histórico de trasplante, son factores relacionados con el aumento de los niveles de resiliencia; y, el uso de medicamentos antidepresivos y antihipertensivos son factores que pueden interferir en la disminución de la resiliencia. Conclusión la intervención contribuyó para la mejora de la resiliencia y de algunos dominios de la calidad de vida de los pacientes, pudiendo ser estimulada su aplicabilidad en el contexto de los pacientes en hemodiálisis.

Resumo Em democracias, conselhos, órgãos colegiados atuantes no Sistema de Justiça possuem diferentes finalidades: reforçar a independência do Poder Judiciário e do Ministério Público (MP), incrementar a accountability em relação a juízes e promotores e/ou aprimorar a gestão da Justiça. Este artigo analisa o Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) e o Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público (CNMP), considerando principalmente os dois primeiros aspectos. No momento da criação desses órgãos, acreditava-se que ambos seriam instrumentos para aumentar a transparência e possibilitar que juízes e promotores pudessem responder por suas ações e escolhas. Nossa hipótese é que essa expectativa não se realizou. Para testá-la, analisaremos o desenho institucional do CNMP e do CNJ, apontando como a composição e a distribuição de cargos incentivam mais a independência que a accountability e apresentaremos também dados relativos ao comportamento dos Conselhos frente às denúncias disciplinares. A conclusão é que, em virtude da composição majoritária do CNJ e do CNMP por integrantes internos do Judiciário e do MP e da atuação pouco expressiva em relação à punição de juízes e promotores, os órgãos reforçam ainda mais a expressiva independência dessas instituições no Brasil.

Abstract Councils acting in the Justice System in democracies have different purposes: to strengthen the independence of the judiciary and the public prosecutor’s office, to increase accountability of judges and prosecutors, or/and to improve justice management. This article analyzes the Brazilian National Council of Justice (CNJ) and the National Council of the Brazilian Public Prosecutor’s Office (CNMP), particularly regarding their purpose as instruments of accountability. The study shows that these bodies were created as instruments to increase transparency and compel judges and prosecutors to be held accountable for their actions and choices. The hypothesis tested in this research is that the two councils did not meet this expectation. The CNJ and CNMP were analyzed for their institutional design, discussing how the composition and distribution of positions at the council encourage independence of the judges and prosecutors rather than accountability. In addition, the article offers data on the councils’ decisions when accusations were presented. Finally, the analysis revealed that CNJ and CNMP are mainly composed of internal members of the Judiciary and the Public Prosecutor’s Office, and identified a lack of expressive punishment applied to judges and prosecutors. Therefore, the hypothesis that the councils do not work as instruments of accountability was confirmed.

Resumen En las democracias, los consejos, órganos colegiados que operan en el sistema de justicia, tienen diferentes finalidades: fortalecer la independencia del Poder Judicial y del Ministerio Público (MP), incrementar la accountability con relación a jueces y fiscales, y/o mejorar la gestión de la justicia. Este artículo analiza el Consejo Nacional de Justicia (CNJ) y el Consejo Nacional del Ministerio Público (CNMP), considerando principalmente los primeros dos aspectos. Al momento de crear esos órganos, se creía que ambos serían instrumentos para aumentar la transparencia y permitir que jueces y fiscales pudieran responder de sus acciones y opciones. Nuestra hipótesis es que esa expectativa no se ha cumplido. Para probarla, analizaremos el diseño institucional del CNMP y del CNJ, señalando cómo la composición y distribución de cargos fomentan más la independencia que la accountability y también presentaremos datos relacionados con el comportamiento de los consejos ante denuncias disciplinarias. Nuestra conclusión es que, debido al hecho de que el CNJ y el CNMP están compuestos mayoritariamente por miembros internos del Poder Judicial y del MP y al desempeño insignificante con relación al castigo de jueces y fiscales, los órganos refuerzan aún más la significativa independencia de estas instituciones en Brasil.

Resumo A intervenção do judiciário nas políticas de educação infantil tem favorecido a consolidação do direito à educação das crianças de 0 a 5 anos. Tal processo, estudado no contexto da judicialização das políticas públicas, gera impactos positivos e negativos sobre as ações governamentais. Esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar os efeitos diretos e indiretos da judicialização da educação infantil realizada com medidas judiciais e extrajudiciais em nove municípios, distribuídos em quatro estados. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque em estudos de caso, analisando como as Ações Civis Públicas e os Termos de Ajuste de Conduta alteraram a gestão e o planejamento municipal nos casos selecionados.

Abstract Legal intervention in early childhood education policies has facilitated the consolidation of the right to education in Brazil for children aged 0 to 5 years. Such a process, seen from the perspective of the judicialization of public policies, fosters both beneficial and adverse impacts on government actions. This paper aims to scrutinize the direct and indirect effects of the judicialization of early childhood education carried out through judicial and extra-judicial proceedings in the local context of nine municipalities scattered across four Brazilian states. The methodology adopted here is the qualitative research, approached with case studies, probing into how Public-interest Civil Actions and Conduct Adjustment Agreements changed local management and planning in the selected cases.

Resumen La intervención judicial en las políticas de educación infantil ha favorecido la consolidación del derecho a la educación de los niños de 0 a 5 años. Tal proceso, estudiado en el marco de la judicialización de las políticas públicas, genera impactos positivos y negativos sobre las acciones gubernamentales. Esse artículo tiene el propósito de analizar los efectos directos e indirectos de la judicialización de la educación infantil realizada con medidas judiciales y extrajudiciales en nueve municipios, distribuidos en cuatro estados. Se adoptó el abordaje cualitativo, con enfoque en estudios de caso, analizando la forma en que las Acciones Civiles Públicas y los Términos de Ajuste de Conducta alteraron la gestión y la planificación municipal en los casos seleccionados.

Résumé L’intervention du pouvoir judiciaire dans les politiques d’éducation de la petite enfance a favorisé la consolidation du droit à l’éducation des enfants de 0 à 5 ans. Ce processus, étudié dans le contexte de la judiciarisation des politiques publiques, génère des impacts positifs et négatifs sur les actions du gouvernement. Cet article vise à analyser les effets directs et indirects de la judiciarisation de l’éducation de la petite enfance, mise en oeuvre avec des mesures judiciaires et extrajudiciaires dans neuf communes, réparties sur quatre états. Une approche qualitative centrée sur les études de cas a été adoptée. L’analyse met en évidence la manière dont les Actions Civiles Publiques et le Terme d’Ajustement de la Conduite ont modifié la gestion et la planification municipales dans les cas abordés.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The brief psychotherapeutic intervention “relaxation, mental images and spirituality” (relaxamento, imagens mentais e espiritualidade, RIME) is a form of complementary and alternative health-related therapy. It is a pioneer in the matter of relating the elements of spirituality to relaxation and to visualization of mental images. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the history, use and benefits of RIME that have been reported in the scientific literature, within different health/disease contexts. The questions that guided this study were: In what contexts has the brief RIME psychotherapeutic intervention been used? What were its benefits? DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, in a public university. METHODS: The BVSPsi, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SciELO, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched in September and October 2018. RESULTS: The findings showed that RIME promoted resignification of the symbolic pain of the death of patients without the possibility of cure; improved quality of life within the process of dying; contributed to the quality of life of breast cancer patients with cure possibilities; contributed to the emotional wellbeing of ostomized patients; brought quality-of-life benefits for patients with head-and-neck cancer; promoted empowerment for women with breast cancer and strengthened their libido; and promoted resignification of the spiritual pain of bereaved youths, offering a satisfactory return from mourning preparation. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that RIME has a construct history based on rigorous scientific methodology, covering quality of life and spiritual, emotional and subjective wellbeing. RIME has not been used internationally and new studies within this field, with different cases, should be encouraged. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID 164211.

Abstract Background The reproducibility and reliability of the modified Rodnan's Skin Score (mRSS) are debated due to investigator-related subjectivity. Here, we evaluate if durometry correlates with mRSS in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to June 2019, including 58 diffuse SSc patients. Two certified researchers, blind to each other's scores, performed the mRSS, followed by durometry at 17 predefined skin sites. For durometry and mRSS, individual scores per skin site were registered. Durometry and mRSS results measured by each researcher, as well as scores from different researchers, were compared. Skin thickness measurements from forearm skin biopsies were available in a subset of the patients, for comparisons. Statistical analyses included Cohen's Kappa Coefficient, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Kendall's Coefficient and Spearman's test. Results Mean (standard deviation, SD) patient age was 44.8 (12.9) years, and 88% were female. Inter-rater agreement varied from 0.88 to 0.99 (Intraclass correlation coefficient) for durometry, and 0.54 to 0.79 (Cohen's Kappa coefficient) for mRSS, according to the specific evaluated sites. When data were compared with skin thickness assessed in forearm biopsies, durometry correlated better with skin thickness than mRSS. Conclusion Durometry may be considered as an alternative method to quantify skin involvement in patients with diffuse SSc. The strong inter-rater agreement suggests that the method may be useful for the assessment of patients by multiple researchers, as in clinical trials.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os resultados da espirometria de pacientes tratados e curados para tuberculose pulmonar (TBP) com e sem doença pulmonar prévia e analisar os fatores de risco relacionados à gravidade funcional. Métodos: Estudo transversal, multicêntrico, em quatro centros de referência no Brasil. Os pacientes foram classificados em dois grupos: grupo com doença pulmonar prévia ou história de tabagismo (grupo DPT+) e grupo sem doença pulmonar prévia e sem tabagismo (grupo DPT−). Os pacientes realizaram espirometria (pelo menos seis meses após a cura), e foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínicos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 378 pacientes: 174 (46,1%) no grupo DPT+ e 204 (53,9%) no grupo DPT−. Na amostra total, 238 pacientes (62,7%) apresentaram alguma alteração espirométrica. No grupo DPT+ houve predominância de distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo (em 33,3%), e distúrbio ventilatório restritivo predominou no grupo DPT− (em 24,7%). Quando comparados com o grupo DPT+, os pacientes do grupo DPT− apresentaram menos frequentemente alteração radiológica (p < 0,01) e funcional (p < 0,05). Porém, dos 140 (79,1%) do grupo DPT− com radiografia de tórax normal ou minimamente alterada, 76 (54%) apresentaram alguma alteração funcional (p < 0,01). Os fatores de risco relacionados com a gravidade funcional no grupo DPT− foram grau de dispneia (p = 0,03) e alterações radiológicas moderadas ou acentuadas. Conclusões: O comprometimento da função pulmonar é frequente após o tratamento da TBP independentemente do histórico de tabagismo ou doença pulmonar prévia. A espirometria deve ser sugerida para esses pacientes que evoluem com grau moderado/grave de dispneia e/ou alteração radiológica relevante após o tratamento da TBP.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare patients with and without previous lung disease, in terms of the spirometry results after they had been treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and cured, as well as to analyze risk factors related to functional severity. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted at four referral centers in Brazil. Patients were divided into two groups: those with a history of lung disease or smoking (LDS+ group); and those with no such history (LDS− group). Patients underwent spirometry (at least six months after being cured). Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. Results: A total of 378 patients were included: 174 (46.1%) in the LDS+ group and 204 (53.9%) in the LDS− group. In the sample as a whole, 238 patients (62.7%) had spirometric changes. In the LDS+ group, there was a predominance of obstructive lung disease (in 33.3%), whereas restrictive lung disease predominated in the LDS− group (in 24.7%). Radiological changes were less common in the LDS− group than in the LDS+ group (p < 0.01), as were functional changes (p < 0.05). However, of the 140 (79.1%) LDS− group patients with a normal or minimally altered chest X-ray, 76 (54%) had functional changes (p < 0.01). The risk factors associated with functional severity in the LDS− group were degree of dyspnea (p = 0.03) and moderate or severe radiological changes (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Impaired pulmonary function is common after treatment for PTB, regardless of the history of lung disease or smoking. Spirometry should be suggested for patients who develop moderate/severe dyspnea or relevant radiological changes after treatment for PTB.

Abstract This work evaluated the effect of grape juice, red wine and resveratrol in liver parameters of rats submitted to high-fat diet. Experimental model was conducted with groups of adult females Rattus norvegicus: control (CG); high-fat (HG); grape juice (JG); red wine (RW) and resveratrol solution (RG). The high-fat diet significantly altered hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in all treated groups. HG group presented severe steatosis followed hepatocyte ballooning and tissue damages. JG group minimized hepatic histological lesion caused by high-fat diet and WG group also induced steatosis and inflammation in hepatocytes, similar to HG. Still, resveratrol protected the tissue against fatty liver disease by reducing fat infiltration and inflammation, indicating possible therapeutic effects on the liver. Cell cycle analysis showed that HG promoted damage to the tissue, reducing the viable cell content and increasing apoptosis, even when associated with wine consumption or isolated resveratrol. However, JG protected the liver against cell damage generated by the diet. Consumption of grape juice, even associated with a high-fat diet, represents a promising protection of the liver against cellular damage, but red wine further affects the tissue, and resveratrol alone was able to reduce damage but did not minimize cellular damage to the liver.